Major Types of Soil Found in India
Alluvial soil Arid Soil Black Cotton Soil Black Soil Forest and Mountain Soil Laterite Soil Red Soil
Alluvial Soil:
These soils are seen near river side and have been deposited during flood. Very productive soils but deficient in Nitrogen and Phosphorous
Red Soil:
These soils are light textured with porous and friable structure and there is absence of free carbonates. Neutral to acidic reaction and are deficient in Nitrogen, Phosphoric acid and lime
Black Soil:
These are popularly known as “Black Cotton Soils” because of their dark brown colour and form deep cracks during dry season. These soils are rich in Calcium, Potash and Magnesium but deficient in Nitrogen, Phosphorous and Organic Matter.
Laterite Soil:
These soils are reddish yellow in colour and formed in situation under high rainfall with alternation dry and wet periods. Low in Nitrogen, Phosphorous, Lime, Magnesia and Potassium
Arid Soil:
These are mostly sandy soil that occur in low rainfall area and have high pH Value. Very productive and subject to wind erosion
These soils are found in rainfall sufficient area to support trees, very shallow, stony, steep and infertile for the field crops.
S. No | Soil Type | Place |
1 | Alluvial Soil | Tamil Nadu, Puducherry, Bihar, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, Delhi, Punjab, Haryana, West Bengal |
2 | Red and Yellow Soil | Telegana, Chattisgarh, Jharkand, Orissa, Manipur, Mizoram, Nagaland, Arunachala Pradesh, Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Meghalaya |
3 | Black Soil | Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat |
4 | Laterite Soil | Goa, Karikal |
5 | Arid Soil | Rajasthan |
6 | Forest & Mountains | Uttarakhand, Arunachala Pradesh, Sikkim, Jammu & Kashmir, Himachal Pradesh |
